Most Recent Publications:

"How the Ukrainians (With no Navy) Defeated the Russian Black Sea Fleet." " The Conversation. July 19, 2024.

"In Gaza, the underground war between Israeli troops and Hamas fighters in the tunnels is set to begin." The Conversation. November 8, 2023.

"Is Hamas the same as ISIS, the Islamic State group? No − and yes." The Conversation. December 14, 2023.

"Hamas-Israel War: The Tunnel War Begins." Real Clear Defense. November 4, 2023.

"Killing of Al Qaeda Leader Shows We Can Wage Over the Horizon Counter-Terrorism." The Hill. August 3, 2022.

"Has Putin Heeded Warnings from the History of Urban Warfare?" History News Network. April 3, 2022.

"Why Crimean Tatars are fearful as Russia invades Ukraine." The Conversation. March 17, 2022

"A CIA Historian’s Photos of the Afghan War Tell the Story of Those Being Left Behind in Afghanistan." History News Network. August 26, 2021.

"Who Defeated ISIS? The Pentagon Maps." Middle East Policy. Volume 27, no. 3. Fall 2020.

"The Rise (and Fall?) Of Trump's Viral Death Cult." History News Network. November 22, 2020

"Trump's Troop Withdrawal in Afghanistan: Part 1 – Abandoning a Vulnerable Ally in the War on Terror." History News Network. December 20, 2020.

"Trump's Troop Withdrawal in Afghanistan: Part 2 – Is There Even a "Trump Doctrine?" History News Network. December 20, 2020

"Trump Claims Credit for Defeating ISIS. Pentagon Documents Show Otherwise." History News Network. November 01, 2020.

“ISIS Gloats About U.S. Pandemic and Protests." The Daily Beast. June 24, 2020.

“Despite defeats, the Islamic State remains unbroken and defiant around the world.” The Conversation. January 28, 2020. (With maps of ISIS global presence)

"A Real Red Wedding Massacre Puts Lie to Trump's Claim That he "Obliterated” ISIS.” History News Network. December 15, 2019.

"Trump’s Debacle in the Desert: A Post Mortem on the Kurdish-American Military Alliance (1941-2019)." Informed Comment. November 11, 2019.

"ISIS fighters have reverted to 'shadow warriors' fighting an endless war." The Hill. August 1 2019.

"Commemorating our losses on 9/11 and the two vastly different wars that tragedy spawned." Standard Times. September 15, 2019.

"Should we worry about ISIS threats to attack US, British cities?" The Hill. August 6, 2019.

"Remembering 9/11. How the Suicide Attacks Led to Two Vastly Different Wars." The Hill. September 11, 2019.

"The Turkish president’s epic distortion of facts on Syria." The Hill. January 14, 2019.

"At the Last Minute the ISIS Captor Had Lowered His Demands and We Had Rescued Fayza from Certain Death in Mosul." History News Network. July 9, 2017.

"12 Strong”: The Inside Story of the Making of a (Refreshingly Accurate) Hollywood War Epic.” History News Network.

"Eight Good Reasons We All, Including Trump, Should Fear Putin" Volume 11, issue 5. Newsweek. November 14, 2017.

"The Islamic State Threat to the 2018 FIFA World Cup." West Point Counter Terrorism Center Sentinel. May 18, 2018. Volume 11, issue 5.

"The Hammer and the Horse. Chris Hemsworth (a.k.a Thor from the Avengers), the CIA, Afghanistan’s Most Feared Warlord, and the Green Berets Unite for one Epic Hollywood Movie.” The Huffington Post. December 22, 2017.

"How Central Command Beat ISIS." History News Network. December 11, 2017

"The Fall of a Jihadist Bastion: A History of the Battle of Mosul" (October 2016 – July 2017). Terrorism Monitor. Volume: 15 Issue: 19.

"Grozny and Aleppo. A Look at the Historic Parallels." The National. November 23, 2016. 

"Operation 'Retribution.' Putin's Military Campaign in Syria, 2015-2016." Middle East Policy. Winter 2016.

"The Consequences of Russia's 'Counter-Terrorism' Campaign in Syria." West Point Combating Terrorism Center Sentinel. November 30, 2016.

Who Are the Yazidis? And Why Is ISIS Trying to Slaughter and Enslave Them?" History News Network.

"The Ukraine (Finally) Recognizes the Hidden Case of the Crimean Tatars Genocide." Oxford University Press Blog.

Journey to Kurdistan, Realm of the Endangered Yazidi Pagans and Female anti-ISIS Peshmerga Fighters.” Huffington Post. January 26, 2016.

“Did Obama Really Surrender the Mid East to Putin?” History News Network. December 20, 2015.

“Should the US “Reoccupy” Iraq and Invade Syria?” History News Network. November 30, 2015.

“Give us Your Huddled Masses. But Syrians Need not Apply.” Informed Comment. November 23, 2015.

“From Freedom Fries to ‘We are all French.’ The Republicans History of Vilifying the French.” Huffington Post. November 16, 2015.

“Ahmed Chalabi the Fabricator.” History News Network. November 9, 2015.

“The Taliban Conquer Their First City. Why Should You Care?” Huffington Post. September 30, 2015.

“Enjoying the Med Beaches of Turkey While the Rest of the Middle East Burns.” Huffington Post. August 21, 2015.

"Report from Turkey: Enjoying the Med Beaches While the Rest of the Mid East Burns." Huffington Post. August 21, 2015.

"Five Things You Should Know about the CIA's 'Robotic' Drone Assassination Campaign." Huffington Post. July

"The Drone Campaign against Al Qaeda and ISIS. Interview with General David Deptula USAF." Perspectives on Terrorism. Vol. 9, no. 3 (2015)

"Did the Bush Invasion of Iraq “Create” ISIS?" History News Network. June 4, 2015. 14, 2015

"We Had Sniper Chris Kyle. The Enemy had Juba, the Sniper of Baghdad." History News Network. March 27, 2015.

"Did Obama Really 'Cut and Run' and Abandon Iraq to ISIS?" History News Network. July 5, 2015.

"What's Wrong with Seymour Hersh's Conspiracy Theory?" History News Network. May 12, 2015

"The Killing of an American Hostage by a Drone in Pakistan. Is the CIA's Assassination Campaign out of Control?" Huffington Post. May 4, 2015.

"The Paris Tragedy and tbe War Within Islam." History News Network. January 14, 2015

"Afghanistan: America's Longest War. This is How it Was." History News Network. January 11, 2015.

"Why Pakistan's Embrace of Jihadism is Deadly. The Back Story of the Peshawar School Massacre." History News Network. December 28, 2014.

"Defending the Predator. The Argument for the Killer Drone." Huffington Post. December 3, 2014.

"Op-Ed Want to beat Islamic State? Try the Afghan model, circa 2001." LA Times. October 4, 2014

"Afghanistan after the Soviets: From jihad to tribalism." Small Wars and Insurgencies. Vol. 25, Issue 5-6. October-December 2014.

"They Will Kill Us All!" Critically Assessing ISIS Fear Mongering by US Politicians." Huffington Post. January 18, 2015.

"The Rise of the ISIS Terrorist Army in Iraq and Syria. How Did we Get Here?" History News Network. October 12, 2014.

"Send in the Air Force Combat Controllers and Green Berets to Destroy ISIS." Huffington Post. October 22, 2014.

"Save the Kurds of Kobani." Standard Times. October 9, 2014.

"Commemorating the 13th Anniversary of 9/11 and Recalling Lessons Learned from the 'Global War on Terror'." Huffington Post. September 4, 2014.

"Abu Khattala: The Career and Arrest of the Jihadi Behind the Benghazi Attack." Huffington Post. July 15, 2014.

"After Six Month Lull Obama's Drone Assassination Campaign in Pakistan Is Back On." Huffington Post. June 25, 2014.

"A Review of Abubakar Siddique’s The Pashtun Question: The Unresolved Key to the Future of Pakistan and Afghanistan." Terrorism Monitor. Volume: 12 Issue: 12. June 13, 2014.

"An Attempt to Get in the Mind of America's Last Prisoner of War." Huffington Post. June 5, 2014.

"The 'Martyrdom' of Doku Umarov. A Post Mortem Analysis of the Amir of the Caucasian Emirate." Militant Leadership Monitor. Volume 5, Issue 3. March 2014.

"CIA Agent Mike Spann: America's Very First Casualty in the War on Terror." Huffington Post. December 17, 2013

"Adventures in the Crimean Peninsula, a Reminiscence of Time Spent in the 'Gem of the Soviet Union' with the Crimean Tatars." Huffington Post. March 3, 2014.

"The Lost Children of Alexander the Great: A Journey to the Pagan Kalash People of Pakistan." Huffington Post. February 21, 2014.

"The Very Real Threat of a Terrorist Attack at the Sochi Olympics." History News Network. February 7, 2014

"The Slaughter of Foreigners in a Restaurant in Kabul Exposes Dangers of Nightlife in a Warzone." Huffington Post. January 21, 2014.

"The Dark Secret Behind the Sochi Olympics. Russia's Efforts to Hide a Tsarist Era Genocide." Huffington Post. January 2, 2013.

"The Slaughter of a Wedding Party in Yemen: Anatomy of Bad Drone Strike." Huffington Post. January 14, 2014.

"Dostum the Taliban Killer." Afghanistan's Pro-American Warlord. Huffington Post. December 4th, 2013..

"The Killing of Hakimullah Mehsud. Or why Liberals Should Support Obama's Drone War." Huffington Post. November 6, 2013.

"A History of the World's First Drone War." History News Network. September 4, 2013

"Let Them Fight it Out. Obama's Solution to the Syrian Conflict." Huffington Post. August 30, 2013

"America as the 21st Century Elysium. An Afghan Comparison." Huffington Post. August 19, 2013

Excerpt: The Last Warlord. The Life and Legend of Dostum, the Warrior who Led US Special Forces to Topple the Taliban.

"A Drone Strike and the Death of Tourism in Pakistan." Huffington Post. June 27, 2013.

"New Light on CIA “Double Tap” Drone Strikes on Taliban “First Responders” in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas." Perspectives on Terrorism. Volume 7, no. 3. 2013

"Inside the Murky World of 'Signature Strikes' and the Killing of Americans With Drones." Huffington Post. May 31, 2013.

"A Post-Mortem Analysis of Pakistani Taliban Military Strategist Wali ur Rehman." Militant Leadership Monitor. Volume 6, Issue 6. June 2013.

"The Sultan's Raiders. The Military Role of the Crimean Tatars in the Ottoman Empire." Washington DC; Jamestown Foundation Occasional Paper. 2013.

"Reevaluating the Usefulness of Predator Drone Strikes: A Bostonian Perspective." Huffington Post. May 5, 2013.

"Who are the Chechens?" History News Network. April 22, 2013.

"Private Approval, Public Condemnation: Drone Warfare’s Implications for Pakistani Sovereignty." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 11, Issue 7

"Droning on About Drones: Rand Paul's Filibuster and Reality." Public Humanist. March 21, 2013.

"Post-Mortem Analysis of Mullah Nazir: The "Good Taliban" Killed in a CIA Drone Strike." Militant Leadership Monitor. Volume VI, Issue 1. January 2013.

"Post-Mortem Analysis of Afghanistan’s Second Most Powerful Uzbek Warlord Ahmed Khan “Samangani." Militant Leadership Monitor. Volume: 3 Issue: 7. August 6, 2012.

"From Pakistan to Yemen, Adapting the US Drone Strategy." Terrorism Monitor. July 16, 2012.

"The Execution of Ebu Zer." Jane's Terrorism and Security Monitor. November 2011.

"Turkish Jihadists Travel to Fight in Afghanistan." Jane's Intelligence Review. July 2011.

"Predators, Reapers and Ravens. The Drone Revolution in Tactics and Strategy." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 10, Issue 6. March 22, 2012.

"Afghanistan, Hazaras." in Militancy and Political Violence in Shiism: Trends and Patterns. ed. by Assaf Mogadam. New York; Routledge. 2011.

"The Lost Children of Alexander the Great. A Visit to the Pagan Kalash People of Pakistan." University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth Magazine. 2010

"Afghanistan: The Argument for Continuing America’s Longest War." History News Network. February 6, 2012.

"The Last US Troops Leave Iraq: A Retrospective on Operation Iraqi Freedom." The Public Humanist. December 21, 2011.

"New Light on the Accuracy of the CIA's Predator Drone Campaign in Pakistan." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 8, Issue 41. November 11, 2010.

"Accuracy of the U.S. Drone Campaign: The Views of a Pakistani General." West Point's Combating Terrorism Center Sentinel. March 2011, vol. 4, issue 3.

"Report from the Field. General Dostum and the Mazar i Sharif Campaign: New lighton the role of Northern Alliance warlords in Operation Enduring Freedom." Small Wars and Insurgencies. Volume 21, no. 4. December 2010.

"On the Trail of the “Lions of Islam”: A History of Foreign Fighters in
Afghanistan and Pakistan, 1980-2010." Foreign Policy Research Institute.
Orbis Spring 2011. Volume 55, no. 2. September 2010.

"The CIA's Covert Drone War in Pakistan, 2004-2010. The History of an
Assassination Campaign." Studies in Terrorism and Conflict. 33, 2010.
(Skip first page)

"Pakistani Responses to the CIA's Predator Drone Campaign Against the Taliban and Al Qaeda." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 8, Issue 7. February 19, 2010. (Scroll down two paragraphs on left to find article).

"In Dostum's Debt." Foreign Affairs. Af/Pak Channel. February 4, 2010.

"Turkish Jihadis Respond to Ankara’s Anti-Al-Qaeda Operations." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 8, Issue 5. February 4, 2010.

"Three Reasons for Democrats to Support a Troop Surge in Afghanistan." Foreign Policy. October 16, 2009.

"Death from the Skies. An Overview of the CIA's Drone Campaign in Pakistan. Part One." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 7, Issue 29 September 25, 2009.

"Death from the Skies. An Overview of the CIA's Drone Campaign in Pakistan. Part Two." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 7, Issue 30. October 1, 2009.

"Mullah Omar's Missiles. A Field Report on Suicide Bombers in Afghanistan." Middle East Policy. Volume 15, no. 4. Winter 2008.

"The Return of the Kingmaker. Afghanistan's General Dostum Returns from Exile." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 7, Issue 26.

"Dostum. Afghanistan's Exiled Warlord." Foreign Policy. On-line blog.

"The Al Qaeda We Don't Know. The 055 Brigade." World Policy Review. October 26, 2008.

"Afghanistan's Heart of Darkness. Fighting the Taliban in Kunar Province." West Point Combating Terrorism Center's, Sentinel. Volume 1, Issue 12. November 2008.

"The Failure of al Qaeda Basing Projects from Afghanistan to Iraq." in Denial of Sanctuary. Understanding Terrorist Safe Havens. edited by Michael Innes. London; Praeger. 2007. (CLICK "Failure of Al Qaeda" TO READ)

"Dostum. Afghanistan's Embattled Warlord." Terrorism Monitor.Volume 7, Issue 8. April 17, 2008.

"Talibanistan. The History of a Trans-National Terrorist Sanctuary." Civil Wars. Volume 10, Issue. 1. 2008.

"Writing the Dostumname. Field Research With an Uzbek Warlord in Afghan Turkistan." Central Eurasian Studies Review. Volume 6, no. 1/2. Fall 2007. (CLICK TO READ, scroll down to page 3).

"Defending Bin Laden's Driver at Gitmo." Complex Terrain Laboratory . September 25, 2008.

"Taliban Fedayeen. The World's Worst Suicide Bombers?" Terrorism Monitor. Volume 5, Issue 14. July 19, 2007.

"Allah’s Foot Soldiers An Assessment of the Role of Foreign Fighters and Al-Qa‘ida in the Chechen Insurgency." Ethno-Nationalism, Islam and the State in the Caucasus: Post-Soviet Disorder. London; Routledge. 2007. (CLICK TO READ)

"Anbar's Sunni Militias. Fighting by Proxy." Jane's Islamic Affairs. September 25, 2007

"The Return of the Arabs. Al Qai'da's Military Role in the Afghan Insurgency." West Point's Combating Terrorism Center. Sentinel. Volume 1, ISSUE 3. February 2008. pages 22-25.

“The World’s Worst Suicide Bombers?” Time Magazine. July 28, 2007.

"Afghanistan's Warlord Alliance." Jane's Intelligence Digest. November 2, 2007.

“Afghan Suicide Bombing.” Jane’s Islamic Affairs Analyst. August 13, 2007.

“A Report from the Field. Gauging the Impact of Taliban Suicide Bombing". Terrorism Monitor. Volume 5, Issue 10. May 24, 2007.

"The Law of Un-Intended Consequences. A Tale of Two Afghanistans.” The Public Humanist. June 28, 2007.

"Cheney Attack Reveals Taliban Suicide Bomber Patterns." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 5, Issue 4. Feb. 27, 2007

"Turks Join Jihad in Iraq and Afghanistan." Terrorism Monitor Volume 3, Issue 47. (December 7, 2006)

"Target Dostum. The Campaign Against Northern Alliance Warlords" Terrorism Monitor Volume 3, Issue 20. (October 21, 2005)

"Turkish Volunteers in Chechnya." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 7 Issue 3 (April 7, 2005) The Turkish government's official response to this article via their embassy in Moscow. No. 5 on list entitled "No Volunteer Turkish Brigade in Chechnya Says Turkey."

"The 'Chechen Arabs': An Introduction to the Real Al Qaeda Terrorists from Chechnya." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 1 Issue 9 (Jan 15, 2004)

"Rashid Dostum. America's Secular Ally in the War on Terrorism." Terrorism Monitor. Nov. 20, 2003. Vol. 1. Issue 5.

"Shattering the Al Qaeda-Chechen  Myth (part II)." Exploring the Links Between the Chechen Resistance and Afghanistan." Jamestown Foundation. vol. 4. Issue 40. November 6, 2003.

"Shattering the Al Qaeda-Chechen Myth (part I)" Chechnya Weekly. vol. 4, Issue 35.  Jamestown Foundation. October 2, 2003.

"No Evidence of Chechens in Afghanistan." Chechnya Weekly. vol. 4. issue 33. Jamestown Foundation.September 12, 2003.

"Turkey's Al Qaeda Blowback" Terrorism Monitor. April 23, 2004.

"El Kaide Turka: Tracing an Al Qaeda Splinter Cell." Terrorism Monitor. Volume 2 Issue 22 (November 18, 2004)

Publications in Edited Books:

"Crushing Wahhabi Fundamentalists in Central Asia and the Caucasus." in New Religious Movements in the 21st Century. edited by Phillip Lucas and Thomas Robbins. 2004.

"The Deportation and Ethnic Cleansing of the Crimean Tatars." in Ethnic Cleansing in Twentieth Century Europe. edited by Steven Vardy and Hunt Tooley. New York; East European Monographs. 2003.

"Constructing the 'Green Isle': Changing Notions of Territory and Homeland Among Crimean Tatars." in Cultural Interaction and Conflict in Central and Inner Asia.  ed. Gillian Long. Toronto; Toronto University Press. 2003.

"Ismail Gaspirali'nin Mirasini Yeniden Yorumlamak. Kirimin Atatürkiü mü, Rus Ibirlikçisi mi Yoksa Rusya Imparatorluiuna Pan-Türkçü Bir Tehdit mi?" in Ismail Bey Gaspirali, 150 Yasinda. 2004.

“Ismail Gaspirali on Tatar Emigration to the Ottoman Empire.” V. Views of the World. Modern Middle East Source Book. ed. Ben Fortna et. al. University of Michigan Press. 2004.

Articles Published in Refereed Scholarly Journals:

"Valley of the Wolves, Iraq." Turkey's Popular Culture Reacts to the Unsettling Presence of the U.S. in Iraq in Film and Novels." Insight Turkey. Jan.-Mar. 2006."

"Caucasus Belli: New Perspectives on Russia's Quagmire." Russian Review. Volume 64, no. 4. October 2005.

"From Secessionist 'Rebels' to 'Al Qaeda Shock Brigades.", Critically Assessing Russia's Efforts to Extend the Post-September 11th War on Terror to Chechnya." Comparative Studies on South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. vol. 23, no. 2. 2003. (CLICK TO READ)

"Jihad and Ethnicity in Post Communist Eurasia. On the Trail of Trans-national Islamic Holy Warriors in Kashmir, Afghanistan, Central Asia, Chechnya and Kosovo". Journal of Ethnopolitics. vol 2, no 3-4, March/June 2003. (CLICK TO READ)

"Unraveling the Links Between the Middle East and Islamic Militants in Chechnya" Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst. Johns Hopkins University. Feb. 12, 2003. (CLICK TO READ)

"Hidden Ethnocide in the Soviet Muslim Borderlands." Journal of Genocide Research. vol. 4. no. 3. Sept. 2002.

"Mystics, Nomads and Heretics. The Dissemination of Heterodox Islam from Central Asia to the 13th Century Byzantine Dobruca." International Journal of Turkish Studies. vol. 7, no. 1-2. 2001.

"New Light on the Ethno-Genesis of the Crimean Tatars." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. vol. 11. pt. 3. Nov.  2001.

"The Russo-Chechen War: A Threat to Stability in the Middle East and Eurasia?",  Middle East Policy, Vol VIII, No 1, March 2001. (CLICK TO READ)

"The Hidden Ethnic Cleansing of Muslims in the USSR. The Exile and Repatriation of the Crimean Tatars." Journal of Contemporary History. vol 37, issue 3, 1 July 2002.

"The Formation of a Diaspora. The Crimean Tatars of the Balkans, Turkey and Central Asia." Bulletin of the Royal Institute of Inter-Faith Studies. Vol. 3, no. 1. Spring/Summer 2001.

"Commemorating 'The Deportation'  in Post-Soviet Chechnya. The Role of Memorialization and Collective Memory in the 1994-1996 and 1999-2000 Russo-Chechen Wars."   History and Memory, Volume 12, No. 1 Spring/Summer 2000. (CLICK TO READ)

"Reinterprating Ismail Gaspirali's Legacy. Crimean Atatürk, Russian Collaborator or Pan-Turkist Threat to the Russian Empire? "  International Committee for Crimea." Turkistan Newsletter. vol. 5.065. April 2001. (CLICK TO READ)

"Dar al-Harb.  The 19th Century Crimean Tatar Migrations from Russia to the Ottoman Empire." A critical analysis of the Great Tatar emigration of 1860-1861". Cahiers du Monde Russe. (Journal of the Russian World.) 41 (1), January-March 2000.

"Shamil Basayev, Chechen Field Commander. Russia's Most Wanted Man." Central Asia Caucasus Analyst.  Wednesday, August 2, 2000. (CLICK TO READ)

"The Crimean Tatar exile in Central Asia: A Case Study in Group Destruction and Survival." Central Asian Survey, Volume 17,  Number 2,  June 1998.

"A Community Reimagined. The Role of "Homeland" in the Forging of National Identity, the Case of the Crimean Tatars."Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs." vol. 17 no. 2.  Fall 1997

Encyclopedia Articles:

"Crimean Tatars." Oxford Encylopedia of the Islamic World. ed. John Esposito. 2012.

"Crimean Tatars." Oxford Encylopedia of the Islamic World. ed. John Esposito. 2008.

"Dagestan." The Palgrave Encyclopaedia of Ethnopolitical Groups in Europe. ed. Stefan Wolff. 2004.

"The Chechen Community in Russia." The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Ethnopolitical Groups in Europe ed. Stefan Wolff. 2004.

“Gagauz. The Orthodox Christian Turks of Moldavia.” Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities. ed. Carl Skutsch. Chicago; Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. 2004.

“Kurds. A Nation Without a State.” Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities. ed. Carl Skutsch. Chicago; Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. 2004.

“Bahcesaray.” The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet, and Eurasian History. ed. Edward Lazzerini. Academic International Press. 2004.

“Chechens.” The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet, and Eurasian History. ed. Edward Lazzerini. Academic International Press. 2004.

“Crimean Tatars.” The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet, and Eurasian History. ed. Edward Lazzerini. Academic International Press. 2004.

“Diaspora Communities” Encyclopedia of Communities ed. Robin Jarrett et al. Berkshire Publications Group. 2003.

“Mustafa Jemilev. Soviet Dissident.” Encyclopedia of Nationalism. vol. 2. ed. Alexander Motyl. Academic Press. 2000.

“Central Asian Nationalism.” Encyclopedia of Nationalism. vol. 2. ed. Alexander Motyl. Academic Press. 2000.

“Sheikh Shamil.” Encyclopedia of Nationalism. vol. 2. ed. Alexander Motyl. Academic Press. 2000.

"Ainu Fishing Sacrifices." The Modern Encylopedia of Religion in Russia and the Soviet Union. vol. 1. ed. Paul Steeves. Academic International Press. 1995.

"The Crimea (Islam in the Crimea)." The Modern Encylopedia of Religion in Russia and the Soviet Union. vol. 6. ed. Paul Steeves. Academic International Press. 1995.

"Astrakhan Expedition of 1569." The Modern Encyclopedia of Religion in Russia and the Soviet Union. vol.1. ed. Paul Steeves. Academic International Press. 1995.

Book Reviews:

"Turkey a Short History." History. (Oxford) 97:325. January 2012. (CLICK TO READ)

"The Crimea Question: Identity, Transition, and Conflict." Reviewed in Slavic Review. Volume 68, no. 2. Summer 2009.

"Islam After Communism. Religion and Politics in Central Asia." Reviewed in Slavic Review. Volume 67, no. 1. Spring 2008. (under book reviews).

"The Lone Wolf and the Bear. Three Centuries of Chechen Definace of Russian Rule." Reviewed in Slavonica. Vol. 13, no. 2. 2007. (CLICK Slavonica TO READ)

Grief of My Heart. by Khassan Baiev. Reviewed for publisher. (CLICK TO READ)

"Chechnya. An Open Wound" Review of Geography of Forced Migration in the USSR, by Pavel Polian. and The Oath: A Surgeon Under Fire, by Khassan Baiev. Reviewed in Transitions On Line, July 31 2004. (CLICK TO READ)

"Radical Movements in Contemporary Europe." Reviewed in Slavic Review. Volume 64 Number 2, Summer 2005.

“Allah’s Mountains. Politics and War in the Russian Caucasus. ”Reviewed in Islam and Christian Muslim Relations. 12/1. January 2001.

"National Movements and National Identity Among the Crimean Tatars." Reviewed in Bulletin of the Royal Institute of Interfaith Studies. vol. 2. no. 1 Spring 2000

"Kabul Transit." Bulldog Films. Documentary on Afghanistan. (Under Reviews). Dec. 2007.

"Ethnic Cleansing in the Soviet Union." Journal of Genocide Research. vol. 2. no. 1. 2000.

"The Tatars of Crimea. Return to the Homeland. Central Asia Monitor. no. 4. 1998.